Children’s feet are still developing, making them susceptible to various foot problems that, if left untreated, can lead to long-term issues. Here are some common foot problems that affect children, along with guidance on identification, treatment and the importance of children’s podiatry.
1. Flat Feet
Identification:
Symptoms: Flat feet occur when the arch of the foot is lower than normal or absent. Symptoms may include pain in the feet, ankles, or lower legs, especially after physical activity. Parents may notice that their child’s feet appear flat when standing.
Observation: Flat feet can be observed by looking at the child’s foot from the side while they are standing. If the arch is not visible, it may indicate flat feet.
Treatment:
Supportive Footwear: Encourage the use of supportive footwear with good arch support. Avoid flat shoes or flip-flops that offer little to no support.
Orthotics: Custom orthotic insoles can provide additional support and alleviate discomfort. Podiatrists can recommend and fit appropriate orthotics for the child.
Exercises: Stretching and strengthening exercises for the feet and lower legs can help improve arch development and reduce symptoms.
2. Toe Walking
Identification:
Symptoms: Toe walking is when a child walks on their toes or the balls of their feet, avoiding contact with their heels. This can be observed during walking or running.
Observation: Pay attention to the child’s gait. If they consistently walk on their toes, it may indicate toe walking.
Treatment:
Stretching Exercises: Regular stretching of the calf muscles and Achilles tendon can help improve flexibility and encourage heel-to-ground walking.
Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can work with the child to improve gait patterns and address any underlying muscle imbalances.
Orthotics: In some cases, orthotic devices may be recommended to promote proper foot positioning and encourage heel strike.
3. Ingrown Toenails
Identification:
Symptoms: Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, redness and swelling. This is most common in the big toe.
Observation: Look for signs of redness, swelling and tenderness around the toenail. The child may also complain of pain, especially when wearing shoes.
Treatment:
Proper Nail Trimming: Trim toenails straight across and avoid cutting them too short. Encourage the child to avoid picking or tearing at their toenails.
Soaking: Soaking the affected foot in warm, soapy water can help reduce inflammation and soften the skin.
Medical Intervention: If the ingrown toenail is severe or recurrent, seek medical attention from a podiatrist for appropriate treatment, which may include minor surgical procedures.
4. Heel Pain (Sever’s Disease)
Identification:
Symptoms: Sever’s disease is a common cause of heel pain in growing children, typically affecting those involved in sports. Symptoms include pain and tenderness in the heel, especially after physical activity.
Observation: The child may limp or avoid putting weight on the affected heel. Pain is often worse during or after exercise.
Treatment:
Rest and Ice: Encourage rest and apply ice to the affected heel to reduce pain and inflammation.
Supportive Footwear: Use supportive shoes with good cushioning to reduce pressure on the heel.
Stretching Exercises: Stretching the calf muscles and Achilles tendon can help alleviate symptoms.
Orthotics: In some cases, orthotic insoles may be recommended to provide additional support and cushioning.
Importance of Children’s Podiatry
1. Early Detection and Treatment:
Regular checkups with a podiatrist can help identify and address foot problems early, preventing long-term complications.
Podiatrists can provide personalised treatment plans and recommend appropriate footwear and orthotic devices.
2. Monitoring Growth and Development:
Podiatrists can monitor the growth and development of a child’s feet, ensuring they develop properly and addressing any concerns as they arise.
3. Education and Guidance:
Podiatrists can educate parents and children on proper foot care, hygiene and footwear choices to promote healthy foot development.
By addressing common foot problems early and seeking timely podiatry care, parents can ensure their children maintain healthy, pain-free feet as they grow.
